Electric vehicles as distribution grid batteries: a reality check

Batteries and Supercapacitors for Electric Vehicles

Charging electric vehicles in the smart grid

High level challenges that motivate the evolution towards smart grids include (i) the anticipated electrification of transportation, including electrical vehicles (EVs), and (ii) the increasing penetration of distributed renewable energy sources (DRES). This chapter will discuss how the extra grid load stemming from the EVs can be handled, including the context of reduced control over power gen...

A multi-agent system for distribution grid congestion management with electric vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely regarded as valuable assets in the smart grid as distributed energy resources in addition to their primary transportation function. However, connecting EVs to the distribution network and recharging the EV batteries without any control may overload the transformers and cables during peak hours when the penetration of EVs is relatively high. In this study, a tw...

Integration of Electric Vehicles in the Distribution Grid Planning Process by Extending a Multi Agent Environment

With electric vehicles becoming a more attractive alternative to combustion vehicles, they appear as new volatile loads in the low voltage distribution grids. Until now, they are at the best only considered rudimentarily in the planning process. This paper presents the modelling of electric vehicles as agents in a multi-agent simulation environment for planning purposes. Integrating a model of ...

Advanced Lithium-Ion Batteries for Plug-In Hybrid-Electric Vehicles

In this study, electric-drive vehicles with series powertrains were configured to utilize a lithiumion battery of very high power and achieve sport-sedan performance and excellent fuel economy. The battery electrode materials are LiMn2O4 and Li4Ti5O12, which provide a cell area-specific impedance of about 40% of that of the commonly available lithium-ion batteries. Data provided by EnerDel Corp...